18、咽和扁桃體[pharynx and tonsil]
•鼻（口)咽[nasal (oral) pharynx]
•扁桃體不腫大[no enlargement of tonsil]
•無充血和滲出[no injection (congestion) and exudate]
•膿點（濾泡，白色小點)[beads of pus (follicle, white particle)]
•扁桃體出血（感染，肥大，潰瘍)[hemorrhage (infection, hypertrophy, ulcer) of tonsil]
•扁桃體腫大[swelling of tonsil]
•扁桃體（后，周圍)膿腫[tonsillar (retrotonsillar, peritonsillar) abscess]
•扁桃體缺如[tonsil deletion]
•扁桃體隱窩（窩)[tonsillar crypts (fossa)]
•咽部異物（潰瘍，分泌物)[pharyneal foreign body (ulcer, secretion)]
•咽后壁淋巴濾泡增生[retropharyneal folliculosis]
•咽部干燥（皰疹，充血，水腫)[dryness (herpes, congestion, swelling) of throat]
•咽反射[pharynx reflex]
•咽下不能[dysphagia]
•腮腺腫大[enlargement of parotid gland]
19、喉[larynx]
•白喉（喉白斑)[diphtheritic croup (leukoplakia of larynx)]
•喉閉鎖[atretolemia]
•喉梗阻[laryngemphraxis (laryngeal obstruction)]
•喉痙攣（狹窄)[laryngeal spasm(laryngo-stenosis)]
•喉頭痙攣[laryngospasm]
•喉反射[laryngeal reflex]
•喉壞死（鈣化)[necrosis (calcification)of larynx]
•喉瘺（囊腫，膿腫，息肉，血腫，異物)[laryngeal fistula(cyst,abscess,polyp,hematoma,foreign body)]
•喉膨出[laryngocele]
•喉缺失[absence of largnx]
•喉頭水腫[laryngeal edema]
•聲嘶（啞)[hoarseness (dumbness)]
•變（失)聲[mutation (loss) of voice]
•失音[aphonia]
•發(fā)音（構(gòu)音)障礙[pararthria (dysarthria)]
•喉部感覺缺失[laryngeal anesthesia]
•會厭發(fā)育不全（擦傷，裂，囊腫，膿腫)[agenesis (abrasion, fissure, cyst, abscess) of epiglottis]
•會厭分叉（結(jié)節(jié))[bifid epiglottis(epiglottic tubercle)]
•聲帶肥厚[hypertrophy of vocal cords]
•聲帶麻痹[vocal cord paralysis]
•聲帶小結(jié)[vocal nodule]醫(yī)學(xué)全在線www.med126.com
•聲帶息肉[polyp of vocal cord]
•聲門痙攣[glottis spasm]
•聲門下狹窄[subglottic stenosis]
20、頸部[neck]
•頸部創(chuàng)傷[neck trauma]
•頸部淋巴結(jié)（囊腫)[cervical lymph node (cyst)]
•頸動脈竇按摩[carotid sinus massage]
•頸強直[neck rigidity (stiff-neck rigidity, stiff neck)]
•頸軟[soft neck (supple)]
•斜頸[torticollis]
•角弓反張[opisthotonus]
•頸靜脈搏動（曲張)[jugular pulse (varicosity)]
•頸靜脈怒張[jugular vein distention (JVD)]
•頸靜脈充盈（怒張)[jugular vein is full(distention and prominence)]
•庫斯毛氏征[Kussmaul`s sign]
•肝頸反流[hepatojugular reflex]
•收縮期（舒張期)囊顫[systolic (diastolic) thrill]
•頸動脈搏動異常（增強、減弱、消失)[abnormal carotid pulsation (increase, decrease, disappearance)]
21、甲狀腺[thyroid]
•彌漫（局灶，結(jié)節(jié))性甲狀腺腫大[diffuse (local, nodular) thyroid enlargement]
•甲狀腺震顫[thyroid tremor]
•震顫[thrill]
•甲狀腺血管雜音[thyroid vascular murmur]
•甲狀腺峽部[isthmus of thyroid gland]
•甲狀旁腺[parathyroid gland]
•甲狀腺囊腫（濾泡、腫塊，出血)[thyroid cyst (follicle, tumor, hemorrhage)]
22、氣管[trachea]
•氣管插管[endotracheal intubation]
•氣管痙攣[tracheospasm]
•氣管囊腫（息肉、狹窄、移位)[tracheal cyst (polyp, stenosis ,displacement)]
•氣管（向右)偏移[displacement of trachea (tracheal deviation to the right)]
•氣管居中[trachea is in the midline]
•氣管內(nèi)異物[intratracheal foreign body]
