六、現(xiàn)癥史Present Illness
（1)他在1960年9月生了�。黄跐u漸加重，周身不適，并且體重減輕。
He became ill in Sept. 1960, with gradually increasing fatigue, general malaise and loss of weight.
※疾病的發(fā)生
-開(kāi)始頭痛 started having the headaches
-開(kāi)始發(fā)生紫紺 began having episodes of cyanosis
-開(kāi)始感覺(jué)疲勞 began feeling tired
-變成稍一用力即會(huì)喘息 became breathless on the least exertion
-發(fā)覺(jué)開(kāi)始過(guò)度疲勞 noted the onset of excessive fatigue
-晚餐時(shí)飲酒差不多一定會(huì)引起發(fā)作 a supper drink almost invariably provokes an attack
-不能恢復(fù)以前的那種活力 fail to regain one's previous vitality and vigor
-開(kāi)始覺(jué)得比以前更加容易疲倦 began to fell more easily fatigued
ex1:The disease began (occurred ; started) 3 months ago. It progressed , slowly but steadily until today.
ex2: In the spring of 1958 he first noticed (noted; perceived; recognized) easy fatiguability.
※初發(fā)病型
ex1: He became increasingly subject to fits of temper.
ex2: He suddenly developed weakness in the right leg.
（2)她的膀胱過(guò)敏癥消失，但在1960年秋天復(fù)發(fā)。
Her symptoms of bladder irritability subsided, but recurred in the autumn of 1960.
※病征
-有疼痛和已述的癥狀 pain plus the symptoms already mentioned
-想把癥狀和~關(guān)連起來(lái) attempt to correlated symptoms with~
-癥狀自然消退 symptoms spontaneously regressed
-癥狀消失(并未緩和) symptoms disappeared (did not abate)
-癥狀忽緩忽急 symptoms waxed and waned from time to time
-不留意癥狀 give the symptoms no concern
-忽略( 不理) 癥狀 disregard (dismiss) symptoms
-對(duì)癥狀不甚留意 do not pay much attention to the symptoms
-對(duì)孩子們顯得不關(guān)心、冷淡 one appeared uninterested and uninformed about one's children
-嘔吐是~發(fā)病的前驅(qū)癥狀 vomiting heralded the onset of one's symptoms
-~的病有傷寒的樣子 one's illness assumed the character of typhus
-再發(fā)（have a) relapse；recur; recurrence
-疾病無(wú)再發(fā)征象 no evidence of recurrent disease
-同一癥候再發(fā) the return of the same symptoms
ex1: He had (presented; developed; showed; manifested) mild symptoms of diphtheria.
ex2: There have been concurrent heartburn and eructation.
※無(wú)~癥狀
ex1: The carious tooth has persisted for years without clinical symptoms.
ex2: He continued remarkably free of symptoms except for aural discharge until Nov. 1961.
（3)他記得一年前，在同一季節(jié)里，有過(guò)一次同樣的發(fā)作。
He remembered a similar attack a year before in the same season.
※發(fā)作
-一時(shí)性眩暈 transitory attacks of dizziness
-發(fā)作不規(guī)則 attacks are variable
-發(fā)作變了型態(tài) the attacks changed pattern
-患急性關(guān)節(jié)炎 have acute attacks of arthritis
-發(fā)作多半在夜間發(fā)生 attacks occurred chiefly at night
-患2次肺炎 had 2 episodes of pneumonia
-發(fā)生癲癇樣的發(fā)作 developed seizures of an epiletic nature
-發(fā)作前后覺(jué)得舒適 feel well between attacks
-平均繼續(xù)了3~4分鐘 lasted on average 3 to 4 minutes
-一年來(lái)沒(méi)有發(fā)作 have been free of attacks for one year
-發(fā)作停止(消失，完全消失)了 attacks ceased ( subsided, clear up completely)
ex1: A similar attack appeared in the following morning. It ran the same course as the first one.
ex2: The most recent episode occurred approximately one month before his first visit to the clinic.
※發(fā)作時(shí)間
-B隨A A is followed by B : B follows A
-A與B同時(shí)發(fā)生 A is associated with B
-和~有關(guān)系 have (make) relation to~
-和~不相關(guān) have (make) no relation to~
-似乎與姿勢(shì)、咳嗽、過(guò)度用力無(wú)關(guān) appeared unrelated to position, coughing,or straining.
ex1: The attacks were preceded by 3 or 4 hour prodromes of nausea, abdominal distention, diarrhea or constipation, followed by 5 to 6 hour period of cramping abdominal pain and bile-stained vomiting, terminated by transient diarrhea.
ex2: The pain was described as being of a cramping nature and sometimes appeared to be related to the ingestion of cold water or milk.醫(yī)學(xué) 全在.線提供www.med126.com
（4)每天服用pyrazinamide 4次，每次75mg.后，咳嗽減少，痰亦減半，熱度
也降低。
With pyrazinamide, 75 mg. 4 times daily, there was improvement of cough, a 50 per cent decline in sputum, and a reduction of fever.
※癥狀的減輕和消失
-轉(zhuǎn)佳 take a favorable turn ; take a turn for the better ; improve
-顯著減輕 decrease drastically (markedly)
ex1: Such attacks usually subside promptly with rest, in an hour or so , sometimes in a few minutes.
ex2: The swelling of the legs disappeared within about a week.
（5)疼痛發(fā)生于飯后，便秘發(fā)生后，疼痛更加厲害，期間也較長(zhǎng)。
The pain came on after meals and became more severe and lasted longer with the onset of constipation.
※癥狀的惡化
-惡化 take a bad turn ; take a turn for the worse; be aggravated (exacerbated)
-顯著地惡化 became noticeably worse
-漸趨顯著 became increasingly apparent
-黃疸總是惡化 have frequent exacerbations of jaundice
-病入膏肓 one's case is incorrigible
-病狀時(shí)愈時(shí)犯 one's illness hangs in the balance
ex1: During the last 6 weeks he has observed progressive shortness of breath on exertion.
ex2: The pain was aggravated by exercise and alleviated somewhat by lying down.
（6)他的一般情形，一直沒(méi)有變化。
His general condition continued without change.
※癥狀無(wú)變化
ex1: He remained about the same a yesterday.
ex2: His headache has persisted (continued) to date ( the present).
