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中醫(yī)理論中醫(yī)臨床診治中醫(yī)藥術(shù)語標準中國方劑數(shù)據(jù)庫中醫(yī)疾病數(shù)據(jù)庫OCT說明書不良反應(yīng)中草藥圖譜藥物數(shù)據(jù)藥學下載
您現(xiàn)在的位置: 醫(yī)學全在線 > 中醫(yī)理論 > 中醫(yī)書籍 > 正文:八、常用藥物的藥代動力學參數(shù)參考表
    

醫(yī)院藥學:八、常用藥物的藥代動力學參數(shù)參考表

藥物名稱消除速率常數(shù)k或β(hr-1)半衰期tl/2或tl/2β口服吸收(%)表現(xiàn)分布容積vb(mg/L)有效血濃度范圍(mg/L)峰時tm(hr)蛋白結(jié)合率BP(%)消除率Cls[L/(hr.kg)]解離指數(shù)pKa乙基西梭霉素Nctilmicin0.3122.23 0.25-0.34-80.5-1.0(IM) 0.78 乙氧萘青霉素Nafillin1.390.5…

    1. 藥物名稱消除速率常數(shù)k或β(hr-1)半衰期tl/2或tl/2β口服吸收(%)表現(xiàn)分布容積vb(mg/L)有效血濃度范圍(mg/L)峰時tm(hr)蛋白結(jié)合率BP(%)消除率Cls[L/(hr.kg)]解離指數(shù)pKa
      乙基西梭霉素Nctilmicin0.3122.23 0.25-0.34-80.5-1.0(IM) 0.78 
      乙氧萘青霉素Nafillin1.390.500.28 0.5-1.0(IM)900.392.6(-COO-)
      乙胺丁醇Ethambutol0.1983.5301.871-102-4(PO400.37 
      乙琥胺Ethosuximide 成人50-60兒童30-50100成人0.62兒童0.6940-1002-4(PO<2成人0.01-0.013兒童0.0161.3
      乙酰唑胺Acetazolamide0.1694.1
      2.4-5.8
      >900.210-10.5
      10-15
        0.0347.2
      9.0
      乙酰普魯卡因胺Acetylprocainamide0.0828.5851.52-20 100.12 
      二甲胺四環(huán)素Minocycline 12900.430.5-3.01-3(PO750.025 
      二性霉素B AmphotericinB0.02918-24<30.5-1.0  >900.025 
      二氮嗪Diazoxid 21-361000.2  90-950.005 
      丁胺卡那霉素Amikacin0.283-0.3112-390-1000.2510-251.0(IM)0-200.069 
      三氯乙醇Trichlorethanol 4-8 0.6 0.5(PO400.07 
      碘甲腺氯酸鈉T3 3390-100 70-1601-299.50.014 
      萬古霉素Vancomycin0.126-8 0.47 0.2(IV)100.047 
      土霉素Cxytetracycline0.0696-960-801.91.0-10.01-3(PO)20-300.18 
      雙異丙吡胺Dicopyramide0.1544.5-770-1000.8-1.9總藥濃度2-5游離藥濃度0.5-20.5-310-80(與血藥濃度有關(guān))0.0015-0.0048.34
      雙氯青霉素Dicloxacillin0.990.5-0.9 0.2915-181.0(IM)960.29 
      水合氯醛Choral Hydrate 4-8 0.6100.5(PO)400.07 
      心得靜Pondolol 3-41002.00.05-0.151-3 0.4 
      普萘洛爾心得安)Porpranlolo 3>902.0-4.60.01-0.21-1.5(PO)90-950.79.5
      心得怡Sotalol 5-1380-900.70.5-42-3 0.0549.8
      心得舒Alprenolol 3>903.30.03-0.10.5-1.0(PO)850.769.7
      對乙酰氨基酚Paracetamol 2-485-1000.8-1.01-100.5-1.0(PO)250.21 
      撲米酮Primidone 成人6-8兒童5-880-900.66-152-4(PO20-30單獨用藥0.0309合并用藥0.0739 
      去甲丙咪嗪Desipramine 10-26 28-600.15-0.32-8(PO901.6910.2
      去甲金霉素Demethylchlortetracycline0.07-0.04310-1660-801-20.5-31-4(PO500.08 
      去甲替林Nortrpytline 2760200.05-0.164-9(PO)92-960.5 
      丙咪嗪Imipramine 8-1680-10020-400.15-0.50.5-1.0(PO)951.739.5
      丙基硫氧嘧啶Propylthiouracil 2-4800.2-0.4 1.0(PO)750.078.3
      丙磺舒Probenecid 6-181000.12-0.18100-2001-5(PO)85-950.013.4
      布洛芬Brufen 2 0.15 0.5-1.5(PO)990.052 
      左旋多巴Leayodopa 320-30(吸收) 0.5-4   8.2
      白霉素Leucomycin0.1394.5-5.5   2(PO)72  
      苷珀酸Carbenoxolne 13-16 0.1 1-2(空腹PO)飯后(PO) 0.005 
      甲硝唑Metronidazole 6-1490-1000.6-0.75-201-2(PO)5-200.045 
      可待因Codeine0.2312-4503.450.0251.0(PO) 0.88.2
      巴比妥Pentobarbital 21-4270-800.71-4初次用藥6-18長期用藥3760-700.0158.1
      卡馬西平Carbamazepine 成人10-30兒童8-1990-1000.8-1.44-121.0-2.0(IM)65-85成人初次用藥0.011-0.026兒童初次用藥0.028 
      卡那霉素Kanamycin0.289-0.332-2.590-950.252-80.5-1.0(IM)1.0(PO)00.0777.2
      頭孢氨芐(先鋒霉素Ⅳ)Cephalexin0.6550.83-1.290-950.26G(+)
      0.5-3G(-)1.0-12
      15min(IV)0.5-1.0(IM)10-150.185.3(-COOH-)7.3(-NH2)
      頭孢匹林(先鋒霉素)Cephapirin.1.1550.690-950.23G(+)
      0.5-3G(-)1.0-12
       40-500.27 
      頭孢婁利定(先鋒II)Cephaloridine0.621-1.590-950.25同上同上20
      10-30
      0.14 
      頭孢噻吩(先鋒霉素I)Cephalothin1.40.5-1.090-950.25同上同上65
      60-80
      0.23 
      頭孢格來星(先鋒霉素Ⅲ)Cenhaloglycin0.770.980-95 G(+)
      0.5-3G(-)1.0-12
      15min(IV)0.5-1.0IM24 4.7
      頭孢唑啉(先鋒霉素Ⅴ)Cepahzolin0.3851.4-2.290-950.15同上5.0-1.0(IM)5min(PO)75-850.0582.3
      頭孢雷定(先鋒霉素Ⅵ)Cepahzolin0.809-0.99440-50min90-950.25同上1.0(PO)5min(IV)5-200.23 
      頭孢曲(先鋒Ⅶ)Cephacetrile0.4621.590-950.27G(+)
      0.5-3G(-)1.0-12
      1.0(PO)5min(IV)22.340.1251.97
      甲狀腺素Thyroxine 144-16890-950.1-0.20.03-0.04 99.950.067 
      甲氧芐胺嘧定Trimethoprim0.078-12 20.5-121.5-3.3(PO)140.147.2
      甲氧苯青霉素Methicillin1.3860.5-100.3-0.421-0.5(IM)50
      35-60
      0.332.7
      甲基多巴Methyldopa0.352 0.5>24(PO)0-200.172.2(-COOH)10.6(-NH)12.0(-OH)
      甲基多粘菌素0.154405 0.5 1-2(IM) 0.077 
      甲烯土霉素Methacycline0.053310-1660-680.971.0-10.01-4(PO)-3(PO)700.052 
      甲苯磺丁脲Tobutamide 4-885-1000.1-0.1550-100 980.0145.3
      對基水楊酸Para aminosalicylic acid0.770.9Sol:100混液:70片:900.230.6Na:鹽0.5-1.0酸型3-4(PO)650.181.8(-NH)3.6(-COOH)
      四環(huán)素Tetracycline0.0996-1060-801-21.0-10.01-3(PO)25-300.138.3
      地高辛Digoxin0.01730-5050-936-100.0006-0.00181-2(PO)0.5-0.75250.14 
      西梭霉素Sisomicin0.305-0.3472.0-2.5 0.25-0.34-80.75-1.0(IM)0-200.85 
      灰黃霉素Griseofulyin 8-2440-70(微晶型)1-20.3-1.32-4(PO) 0.065 
      華法令Warfarin0.01644
      15-60
      1000.11-102-8(PO)990.00194.8
      5.0
      優(yōu)降糖Glybenznyclamide 5-2 0.1 2-6(PO)99-950.008 
      多粘菌素B PolymyxinB0.163-8  0.5-4.02
      (IM)
      <10 8.9
      多粘菌素E(抗霉素)Polymyxin E0.311.5-8 0.5 1-2
      (IM)
      <100.078.9
      紅霉素Erythromycin0.4621.5-3400.60.5-31-4
      (PO)
      70-900.1858.8(-NH2)
      嗎啡Morphine 1.5-2.52010.07-0.110-20min
      (IM)
      350.358.0
      9.0
      慶大霉素Gentamycin0.352<50.253-80.5-1
      (IM)
      25-300.087 
      氯,貝丁酯(安妥明)Clofibrate 8-1690-1000.1280-150 960.007 
      安定Diazepam 20-5075-1000.20.1-11-2
      (PO)
      980.004 
      螺內(nèi)酯(安體舒通)Spironolactone 10min90(吸收)0.05 3
      (PO)
      900.213.4
      安替比林Antipyrine 10-151000.48-0.7  100.033 
      異丙腎上腺素Isoprenaline 2.5 0.5 80min
      (PO)
      10min(吸入)
       0.141.4
      異煙肼Isoniazide0.193
      0.63
      3.6(慢乙;)0.7-2(快乙酰化型)900.60.5-1.01-2
      (PO)
      18-300.12
      0.31
      1.8
      3.5
      10.8
      抗癲靈Antiepilepsirin 8-15 0.15-0.
      4
       1-4
      (PO)
      900.016 
      哌替定Pethidine 2-450-704.70.2-0.61-2(IM)60
      65-75
      1.098.7
      芐二甲胍Bethanidine 7-1550-1006 1-5
      (PO)
      80.38 
      呋喃妥因Nitrofurantoin0.71.0 0.711-22
      (PO)
      50-600.497.2
      別嘌醇Allopurine 2-880  2-6
      (PO)
        9.0
      利多卡因Lidocaine0.461.520-501.6
      (0.58-1.19)
      2-52-5min(IV)0.5(IM)60-700.747.9
      利福平Rifampicin0.252-590-950.60.5-101-2
      (PO)
      900.12 
      鄰氯青霉素Cloxacillin1.390.550-800.157-141.0
      (IM)
      940.212.7
      妥布霉素Tobramycin0.251-0.3471.5-3.590-1000.252-101.0
      (IM)
      0-200.07 
      納洛酮Naloxone0.6931203 0.15-1
      (IM)
       2.1 
      阿托品Atropine 3-4
      13-38
       2-4
      10
       15-50
      min
      (IM)
      1.0(PO)
      500.59
      0.27
      9.9
      阿米替林Amitriptyline 8-20
      32-40
      658.80.05-0.3 95-980.44
      0.17
      9.4
      乙酰水楊酸(阿司匹林)Acetylsalicylic
      Acid
       2.0-30(min)80-1000.15-0.220-100(解熱鎮(zhèn)痛)100-250(抗炎)1-2
      (PO)
      50-800.293.5
      環(huán)磷酰胺Cyclophosphamide0.1073-11 0.4-0.6 1.0
      (PO)
      10-200.05 
      青霉素Penicillin1.3860.515
      (20-40)
      0.251.5-1.00.25-0.5
      (IM)
      650.352.8
      青紫霉素Lividomycin0.277-0.3722-2.5   1-2
      (IM)
      20-30  
      苯乙雙胍(降糖靈)Phenformin0.231350-705-10100-240(ng-/ml)2-4
      (PO)
      20-251.73 
      苯巴比妥Phenobarbital 成人53-140兒童37-94>90成人0.7兒童0.7-1.215-406-18
      (PO)
      45-50m.quanxiangyun.cn/shouyi/成人0.0032老人0.0024兒童0.0082新生兒0.00647.3
      苯妥英鈉Phenytoin 成人18-30兒童12-22900.6-0.810-204
      3-10
      (PO)
      88-920.029803
      苯海拉明Diphenhydramine 4-10503-40.01-0.12-4
      (PO)
      98-990.359.0
      7.7
      苯唑青霉素Oxacillin1.3860.5-1.0700.255-61.0(PO)0.5-1.0
      (IM)
      900.23 
      苯磺唑酮Sulfinpyrazine 3-590-1000.15 1.0(PO)98-990.026 
      林可霉素Limcoycin0.1544-6400.352-102-4
      (PO)
      1-2
      (IM)
      700.0497.6(-NH2)
      金剛烷胺Amamtadin0.3152290-1006 1-4
      (PO)
       0.19 
      肼苯達m.quanxiangyun.cn/zhicheng/嗪Hydralazine 2-880(吸收)0.3-0.70.5-1.51-4
      (PO)
      870.07 
      5-氟胞嘧啶5-Flurocytosine0.233-6   2-6
      (PO)
      48  
      氟哌啶醇Haloperidol 18-30 20-30 3-6
      (PO)
       0.72 
      氟氯青霉素Flucloxacillin1.390.50.8450.12-0.25.04 960.2 
      氫化可的松Hydrocortisone0.4620.5-2100.03  950.17 
      茶堿Theophylline0.1153-9>950.3-0.67.5-201-3
      (PO)
      200.052 
      保泰松Phenylbutazone 24-12090-1000.1-0.3540-1501-2
      (PO)
      90-980.002 
      秋水仙堿Colchicine0.4620.5-1.5 2 0.5-2(PO) 1.39 
      呋喃苯胺酸(速尿)Furosemide 1.4-3.50-600.1-0.20.1-0.21.0(PO)0.5(IM)95-990.042 
      奎尼丁Quinidine0.0963-1640-900.5-3.02-81-2
      (PO)
      30-90
      min
      (IM)
      60-800.13 
      地黃毒甙Digitoxin0.005896-16890-1000.50.01-0.0351-3
      (PO)
      95-970.0026 
      美沙酮Meygadone0.0917.6-151001.50.48-0.864
      (PO)
      84-870.09 
      美多心安Metoprolol 3-4505.6   1.11 
      甲氨喋呤Methotrexate 2-3.5 成人0.75-0.8兒童0.2-1.0
      (PO)
      1-350-70 4.3
      5.5
      氨喋青霉素Ampicillin0.61-1.5500.42-80.5-1.0(IM)200.222.5(-COOH)7.2(-NH2)
      氨酰心胺Atenolol 6-950-600.70.2-1.32-4 0.065 
      胺甲苯辛胺Tolamolol0.352.5303.2 2 0.89 
      胍乙啶Guanethidine 43-12050-80  3(OP)  8.3
      11.4
      胰島素Insulin 10min 0.610-20μU/ml 1-102.5 
      吲哚美辛Indomethacin 2-109-1000.3-1.60.5-31-2
      (OP)
      900.11 
      莨菪堿Hyoscyamiue 13-38 2-4 15-50min(IM)1.0(OP)500.0829.7
      唑酮頭孢菌素Cephanone0.2772.5 0.47  880.047 
      萘啶酸Nalidixic acid0.431.5-2.0 0.26-0.45  930.14 
      羧芐青霉素Carbenicillin0.4621-1.5<100.1810-1500.5-1.0(IM)500.0712.7(-COOH)2.7-3.9(-NH2)
      羥芐四唑頭孢菌素Cefamandole0.71.090-950.31 15min(IV)0.5-1.0(IM)750.22 
      羥氨芐青霉素Amoxicillin0.71.0-1.580-900.472-81.0(IM)15-200.262.4(-COOH)7.4(-NH2)
      硫酸奎寧Quinine sulfate0.135.31002.02-51-2(PO)700.264.1
      8.4
      紫霉素Viomycin0.352 0.24 2(IM) 0.083 
      氯丙嗪
      Chiorpromazine
       23-3725200.5-0.73-4(PO)
      1-2(IM)
      95-980.469.3
      克林霉素Clindamycin0.292-2.5901.22-101.0(PO)
      3.0(IM)
      900.376.9
      7.45
      氯喹Chloroquine0.01370-12080-100112 6(PO)550.828.4
      氯硝基安定Chlornitrazepam 20-6075-901.5-4.4 1-2(PO)450.05210.8
      氯霉素Chloramphenicol0.2771.5-475-90成人0.55-0.98兒童1.1-2.54-202-3
      (PO)
      60-800.155.5
      氯磺丙脲Chlorpropamide 36-40 0.1-0.230-1401-2(PO)5-100.00275.0
      普魯卡因胺Procainamide 2.5-4.575-951.7-2.24-81.0-2(PO)30min(IM)150.49.2
      卡巴咪嗪Carbamazepine(Tegretol) 20-60 0.8-1.42-108
      (PO)
      65-830.036 
      催產(chǎn)素Oxytccin 5-16min 0.24-120(pg/ml) 300.83 
      疊氮霉素Azidocillin0.8660.6-1.0 0.35-0.6  83-850.432.8
      美西律(慢心律)Mexiletine0.0611.5≈1004.50.5-20  0.27 
      新霉素Neomycin0.352 0.25 1.0(IM) 0.087 
      溴芐胺Bretylium0.0710  0.2-0.4    
      脫氧土霉素Doxycycline0.0314-25901-21-101-3
      (PO)
      25-310.523.4
      沷尼松Prednisone0.6931 0.5-0.6 1.0
      (PO)
      540.38 
      沷尼松龍Prednisolone0.2173 0.5-0.6 1.0
      (PO)
      540.13 
      碳酸鋰Lithum carbonate0.02825>950.70.4-0.7mmol/L1-2
      (PO)
       0.026.8
      鏈霉素Streptomycin0.2772-3 0.25 0.5-3(IM)30-350.07 
      鎮(zhèn)痛新Pentazocine0.3751.85 30.03-0.11-3
      (PO)
      15-60
      min
      (IM)
      60-701.1211.2
      磺胺Sulfanamide0.077980-85 100-1502-4
      (PO)
      5-20 10.4
      磺胺二甲胺基嘧啶(SM2)Sulfamethoxazole0.0997 0.6180-1002-4
      (PO)
      800.067.4
      磺胺甲基異噁唑(SMZ)Sulfamethoxazole0.0638-1285-1000.390-1002-4
      (PO)
      680.0216
      磺胺異噁唑(SIZ)Sulfamethoxazole0.121685-1000.1580-1502-4
      (PO)
      680.0176
      磺胺嘧啶
      (SD)
      Sulfaisoxazole
      0.0411785-1000.6 2-4
      (PO)
      680.0256.3
      噻吩甲氧頭孢菌素Cefoxitin0.990.790-950.290.005-0.01同上450.29 
      噻嗎心安Timolol 2-4721.8 1-2730.42 
      噻嗪類利尿藥Thiazide 1-460-90  1-3
      (PO)
      99  

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